Bonnet Macaque
Mammals Active during the day

Bonnet Macaque

Macaca radiata

Meet the clever and social Bonnet Macaque, famous for the unique 'cap' of hair on its head. Native to Southern India, these adaptable primates are as comfortable in ancient temples as they are in the deep jungle.

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Quick Identification

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Size

Head-to-body length 35–60 cm (14–24 in); tail 48–70 cm (19–28 in); weight 3.5–9 kg (7.7–19.8 lb)

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Colors

Pale grey-brown to golden-brown upperparts with whitish underparts; hairless pinkish-tan face

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Key Features

  • Circular whorl of hair on the crown radiating outward
  • Long tail that exceeds the head-and-body length
  • Large, prominent ears and a hairless pink face
  • Social behavior in large, multi-male troops
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When You’ll See Them

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Activity pattern Active during the day
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Peak hours 7-11 AM, 3-6 PM
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Season Year-round
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Diet Omnivorous and opportunistic foragers; they eat fruits, seeds, flowers, insects, and frequently scavenge human food scraps.
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Habitat Found in tropical rainforests, dry deciduous forests, suburban gardens, temples, and agricultural edges.

public Geographic range

Where Does the Bonnet Macaque Live?

The Bonnet macaque is a native treasure of the Asian continent, found exclusively in Southern India. Its natural territory is bounded by the Indian Ocean on three sides and the Godavari and Tapti rivers to the north, creating a distinct geographic enclave where they thrive in everything from deep jungles to bustling city outskirts.

Basemap © OpenStreetMap contributors

1 Countries
600K km² Range
Vulnerable Conservation
IN India
Marginal
Elevation range
0 m1,000 m2,000 m4,000 m
Sea level – 2,100 m
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iNaturalist / Verified observation data
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Behavior

Bonnet macaques are highly social primates that live in large, organized troops. They are known for their complex social hierarchies, where females remain in their birth groups for life while males move between groups to prevent inbreeding. Grooming is a vital social glue in their society, used to reinforce bonds, reduce tension, and establish rank within the troop.

Unlike many other primates, Bonnet macaques have adapted remarkably well to human environments. They are frequently seen near temples, tourist sites, and urban gardens, where they have learned to exploit human-provided food sources. However, they remain primarily arboreal and are agile climbers, spending a significant portion of their day foraging in the canopy or resting in the shade during the heat of the afternoon.

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Camera Tips

To capture the best footage of Bonnet macaques, place your camera roughly 4 to 6 feet off the ground, angled slightly downward. Since they are agile climbers and frequently move between the ground and trees, mounting a camera on a sturdy trunk near a fruiting tree or a known water source is ideal. If you are in a suburban setting, targeting high walls or rooftops where they travel can yield excellent 'commuter' shots of the troop moving together.

These monkeys are incredibly curious and intelligent, which can be a challenge for equipment safety. Ensure your camera is housed in a 'bear box' or a very secure metal security case, as they may try to poke, pull, or even chew on exposed parts of the device. Avoid using loose straps or bungee cords that they can easily grab or unhook. To draw them into the frame, you don't necessarily need bait, but placing the camera near natural food sources like wild figs or berries during the fruiting season is the most effective strategy.

Settings-wise, use a fast trigger speed (0.3 seconds or less) because macaques move quickly and unpredictably. A high-resolution video mode is preferable to photos, as it allows you to observe their fascinating social interactions, such as grooming and play. Set the camera to capture 20-30 second clips with a short recovery time to ensure you catch the entire troop as they pass by in a line.

During the monsoon season, ensure your camera has fresh desiccant packs inside the housing to prevent fogging in the humid Indian climate. While Bonnet macaques are active year-round, you'll see the most interesting social behavior during the breeding season or when infants are present in the early months of the year. Always remember to maintain a respectful distance and avoid habituating them to human food if you are checking cameras in person.

Frequently Asked Questions

Bonnet macaques are strictly diurnal, meaning they are active during the day. Their peak activity occurs in the mid-morning for foraging and again in the late afternoon before they settle into tall trees for the night.
In Southern India, they are naturally attracted to fruiting trees like mango, jackfruit, and guava. However, it is generally discouraged to feed them directly, as this can lead to aggressive behavior and conflict with humans.
They are omnivores. Their natural diet consists of fruits, seeds, young leaves, and flowers, supplemented by insects like grasshoppers and occasionally small lizards or bird eggs.
Yes, they are highly adaptable and are frequently found in suburban areas, parks, and around temples where they coexist with humans, often becoming quite bold in search of food.
Look at the hair on the head; the Bonnet macaque has a distinct circular whorl of hair that looks like a hat, whereas the Rhesus macaque has hair that grows straight back from the forehead. Additionally, Bonnet macaques have much longer tails.

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